An electro-optical system for improving graphene nanopore DNA sequencing

I propose a new electro-optical system for sequencing single-stranded DNA molecules. The localized plasmons in graphene combined with the nanopore-based DNA translocation have been suggested for sequencing DNA molecules and decreasing the translocation speed. These localized surface plasmon resonances in the graphene nanopore have three dominant modes. Every-mode peak wavelength is shifted while the DNA nucleobases are presented to the nanopore. The ultraviolet photodiodes with narrow-band filters can separate each mode individually. Then, the electrical-current to voltage convertor, differential pairs based on the bipolar transistors, combine all modes in the effective output voltage. The output voltage level of the circuit is sensitive to the DNA presence and is unique for each DNA nucleobase. Analyzes have been performed for different central wavelengths and spectral width of the light source. Results show that the best sensitivity to the DNA molecule is 6.04, and the best selectivity is 1.1. These factors are directly related to the method’s applicability for DNA translocation sensing and DNA sequencing; they are enormously improved. The proposed method and results shed light on a higher selectivity for DNA nucleobases which is the main bottleneck for nanopore DNA sequencing.