A New Approach to Synthesis of a Quasi Non-Uniform Leaky Wave Antenna

Background and Objectives: In this paper, a closed-form mathematical formula has been presented using of the proposed periodic structure E-field distribution, that helps designers to calculate the width of the slots in Quasi Non-Uniform Leaky Wave Antenna (QNULWA). Method: This method is based on two steps. In the first step, some important parameters forthe proposed antenna design will be extracted using simulation. In the second step, by solving a discrete differential equation, a general relation will be obtained for these types of antennas. This method has been investigated in the case of slot LWA families. Results: A Leaky wave antenna has been synthesized in the 15.5- 18 GHz frequency range for Gaussian radiation pattern. The results of simulation and antenna design will be very close to each other in 2.5 GHz Bandwidth (15.5 - 18 GHz), which shows the accuracy of this formula. Also, By changing the frequency range 2-5 GHz, the main lobe direction of the antenna will scan the space approximately 10 degrees (from 63 to 73 degree). The antenna has an SLL value of about -25 dB and 13 dB Gain at whole band 15.5-18 GHz. Conclusion: The obtained formula helps the antenna designers to calculate the dimensions this type of antenna for any pattern distribution.