Numerical Simulation on Smoke Spread and Temperature in a Car Park Using FDS

The study of temperature and smoke movement in the car park space of the commercial complex was done by Fire Dynamic Simulator code (FDS) with disparate fire accidents. Specification fires of closed car parks were obtained in different fan system conditions. Three scenarios were considered for the ventilation system, which includes the following: the first scenario with no ventilation, the second scenario using a supply fan and an exhaust fan, and the third scenario using a jet fan. Temperature and smoke concentration of a stairwell under various conditions were contrasted. The values were obtained at a height of 1.6 m. Temperature and smoke movement affect the peak of exit people. The results showed that in the first state, temperature and smoke concentration reached 80°C and 0.003 mole/mole in the 1200s after the fire, respectively. In the second state, smoke concentration reached 0.0002 mole/mole in the 1200s, which was 93% better than the first scenario. The temperature also decreased to 51.11 °C in the 1200s. The temperature improved by 36.19% compared to the first state. In the third state, after 1200 seconds, the temperature decreased to 44.72°C. In the third scenario, the smoke concentration was 0.00006 mole/mole, which improved by 57.5% compared to the first scenario.