Author/Authors :
khoubfekr ، Hekmatollah Center of Health Vice-Chancellor of Iranshahr - University of Medical Sciences and Health Services , Abdollahi ، Motahareh Iranshahr Health Services - Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences , Amiri ، Hamed Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences and Health Services , Amiri ، Sadegh Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences and Health Services , Babazadeh ، Saleh School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine - Tulane University , Rahmanian ، Vahid Department of Public Health - Torbat Jam Faculty of Medical Sciences , Jokar ، Mohammad Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch
Abstract :
Background Objectives: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed a devastating global impact, with millions of cases which vary widely in the disease severity. Southeastern Iran has been particularly hard hit, with a high number of patients requiring hospitalization. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with mortality from COVID-19 among hospitalized patients in this region. Materials Methods: A case-control study compared hospitalized COVID-19 patients who succumbed to the disease (confirmed by death certificates and positive polymerase chain reaction or PCR tests) with those who recovered, from February 27, 2020, to June 30, 2021. Researchers analyzed data using t-tests and chisquare tests to identify significant factors associated with mortality (p 0.05). Variables significant at a less stringent level (p 0.2) were then included in a backward logistic regression model to explore independent predictors of mortality. Results: This retrospective study examined data from 473 patients, of whom 158 were in the case group and 315 were in the control group. Among the case group, 80.4% were elderly, compared to 41% in the control group. A significantly higher proportion of patients in the case group (12.7%) experienced critical symptoms leading to the ICU hospitalization, compared to the control group (7.3%). Multivariable regression analysis identified several factors significantly associated with increased mortality risk. These included ICU hospitalization (OR=5.27, CI: 3.09-8.98), advanced age (OR=4.06, CI: 2.43-6.80), hypertension (OR=4.44, CI: 1.52-12.93), cardiovascular diseases (OR=2.56, CI: 1.1-5.98), and critical symptoms (OR=2.74, CI: 1.92- 8.04). Diabetes, pregnancy, nationality, and gender did not statistically increase mortality risk (p-value ≥ 0.05). Conclusion: Advanced age, severe symptoms requiring ICU care, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases are all critical mortality risk factors in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Keywords :
Coronavirus disease 2019 , Mortality , Hospitalized patients , Risk factors , Iran
