Applications and Effects of Phytohormones on the Flower and Fruit Development of Pineapple (Ananas comosus L.)

Phytohormones are naturally-occurring substances produced by plants which promote vegetative and reproductive development and senescence. Similar to other crops, phytohormones affect the flowering and fruit development of pineapple. This writing provides an overview on the association and effects of phytohormones in pineapple flowering and fruit development. The effects of phytohormones are integrated and discussed in three sections: 1) flower induction in pineapple, 2) flower initiation and flowering in pineapple, and 3) pineapple fruit development. Based on the findings of multiple research, phytohormones involved in pineapple inflorescence initiation and inflorescence development include auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, and abscisic acid (ABA). Auxin, gibberellin and cytokinin are known as phytohormones that improve the fruit size and quality of pineapple. These sets of information can serve as a guide to commercial pineapple growers in formulating a low-cost input of technology for pineapple production.