Evaluation of Coagulation Parameters in Mice Treated with Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. Extract

Coagulation disorders and bleeding are the main problems among people with hemophilia. Although its common treatment is replacement therapy, the effects of herbs on bleeding treatment has been proven. In this study, the coagulation effect of the Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. hydro-alcoholic extract was evaluated. 32 mice were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8) and received single doses of 2000, 1500, 1000 or 500 mg/kg/day. Blood samples were taken from the animals 14-16 days after treatment, and coagulation indices were examined including PT, aPTT, BT, CT, and platelets. The hydro-alcoholic extract of T. bellirica significantly reduces bleeding time in the BT test (10-fold) and increases platelet numbers (four-fold), showing the effect of this extract on initial homeostasis. A significant reduction of coagulation time in the CT test (five-fold) also indicates the effect of this plant extract on platelet aggregation. Moreover, the results showed the effectiveness of T. bellirica hydroalcoholic extract in the extrinsic coagulation pathway because all concentrations reduced the coagulation time in the PT test. Furthermore, given the ineffectiveness of the T. bellirica extract on the aPTT test, this extract probably had no effect on intrinsic coagulation factors. Considering the results, T. bellirica extract seems to have a coagulation effect on primary homeostasis and extrinsic pathway of secondary homeostasis.