Safety and Efficacy of Drug-Eluting Stents Improved Dramatically with Application of Nanotechnology

Several features of DES have come out as safe and effective through incorporation of Nanotechnology in drug delivery systems. Nanotechnology has grown to be of immense benefit in the enhancement of drug eluting stents (DES) safety. Likewise, advanced DES is capable of releasing more than one drug in phased or combined phases of the healing process. This avails customisation as the surgeon is in a position to manage the demanding cases like the diabetic patients and the multiple vessel diseases. Another advantage of the bioresorbable DES is that after acting as support for the healing of the artery it should disintegrate, thus eliminating the late complications such as the stent thrombosis. These stents are used to give short-term support to the artery for the delivery of the drug and get absorbed over time and leaves behind a normal pipe. Hybrid DES incorporate drug elution with other therapeutic modalities like the embedding and coupling of gene therapy vectors or biologic agents with the vessel wall in attempt to promote vessel healing and regeneration. It is among these stents that are preferred in the management of chronic total occlusions or highly calcified lesions. This review aims to describe the innovations in the nanotechnology-enabling technologies to DES and relate the advantages and possible negatives resulting from it and previews other potential advancements to appear in the foreseeable future.