Perceptions of Patient Safety Culture among Operating Room Staff in Iran: A Questionnaire-Based Study

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the operating room (OR) staff’s perception of patient safety culture in a dynamic and demanding setting where reducing human errors is critical. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted between June and October 2022, employed a census sampling method involving surgical technologists and anesthesia technicians. Data collection instruments included the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) questionnaire and demographic information. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22. Results: The findings revealed a moderate level of patient safety culture, with 85.4% of respondents reporting no errors in the past year. Supervisor/manager expectations and actions received the highest mean score, while non-punitive response to errors scored the lowest. The overall patient safety culture was determined to be at a moderate level, with an average score of 116.26 ± 12.98. Conclusion: This study highlights the crucial need for strategic management interventions to improve patient safety culture, particularly in operating rooms. Health policymakers and nursing managers must prioritize implementing standardized and updated checklists for every surgical procedure, promoting a culture of transparency and accountability. By fostering cooperation, empathy, and a non-punitive response to errors, significant improvements in patient safety can be achieved. Recognizing and addressing these needs is essential for health policymakers and nursing managers to ensure safer operating environments and enhance overall healthcare quality.