Path Analysis of the Relationship between Religious Coping, Spiritual Well‑being, and Family Resilience in Dealing with the COVID‑19 Pandemic in Indonesia

Introduction: Family resilience is strongly influenced by religious coping and spiritual/religious well‑being (RW). In the context of the COVID‑19 pandemic in Indonesia, this study intends to investigate the relationship between religious coping, spiritual well‑being, and family resilience. Methods: A cross‑sectional survey (n = 242) was conducted from December 2021 to January 2022 in Indonesia. The Spiritual Coping Strategies Scale‑Chinese version, Spiritual Well‑Being Scale, and Family Resilience Assessment Scale were used for data collection. Smart Partial Least Square (SmartPLS) software (version 3.2.7) was used to analyze the data. Results: Most respondents aged range from 46 to 55 years-old (30.9%). Also, most of them were having senior high school educational level (47.7%), earn 3 million rupiah (90.5%), and jobless (66.7%). Family resilience to COVID‑19 has been influenced by the relationship between RW and existential well‑being (EW) (81.2%) (β =0.901, t = 24,836, P = 0.001). Religious Non-coping (RNC)- Religious well-being(RW) is 0.124, which indicating that RNC affecting RW by 12.4%, and it also impacting on family resilience to COVID-19 (β = −0.310, t = 3.275, P = 0.001, f = 0.085; minor). Conclusion: Religious coping, RW, and EW are all important factors influencing family resilience during the COVID‑19 pandemic. Currently, the COVID‑19 pandemic has ended. However, with the dynamic development of world health, an outbreak may occur in the future, so the findings of this research will be helpful in providing a warning about spiritual factors that significantly influence family resilience.