Antidiabetic effects of the heat-killed Actinomycetales species in the liver and kidney of diabetic rats

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) occurs due to the decrease in insulin secretion following the destruction of pancreatic beta cells. This disease is increasing worldwide, especially among children under the age of 5 years, which is usually associated with irreversible complications such as hepatopathy and nephropathy. The present study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic effect of the heat-killed Actinomycetales species, including Gordonia bronchialis (Gb), and Tsukamurella inchonensis (Ti) in streptozotocin-diabetic rats by oral administration. This experiment was performed in six groups, including healthy control, diabetic control, low-dose Gb (G1), high-dose Gb (G2), low-dose-Ti (T1), and high-dose Ti (T2). Subsequently; the levels of ALT, AST, total protein, albumin, BUN, creatinine, CRP, IL-1β, and IL-2 were measured in the serum samples in the 14th and 21st days. Besides, histopathological lesions were studied in the liver and kidney. Our findings showed that Gb and Ti could alter the examined serum parameters, particularly in the T2 groups. Also, histological examination revealed a remarkable attenuation in the pathological lesions such as focal necrosis, vascular congestion, and hemorrhage in the liver and kidney of the treated rats by Gb and Ti. Here, it is concluded that oral administration of the heat-killed Actinomycetales species, particularly with a high dose of Ti, could beneficially improve the progression of T1DM and its various complications, which can be used to treat T1DM in the future.