Object-Oriented Ontology and Speculative Realism Reading in the Maze Runner Trilogy by James Dashner

This article explores Graham Harman’s object-oriented ontology (OOO) and speculative realism theory in the Maze Runner trilogy by James Dashner (2009-2011) a dystopian science fiction set in the future when the population suffers a fatal virus. The story follows boys subjected to life-threatening trials by WICKED, a company seeking a cure. This article focuses on objects’ roles and their interactions, opposing traditional human-centric interpretations. OOO determines that objects, possess their own reality, meaning there is no necessity for human involvement or interaction. Applying this theory to the series, the article argues that objects like the maze, the Glade, Cranks, and the virus are not merely plot devices but active entities that shape the narrative, challenging traditional perspectives. OOO also helps in understanding the characters and their relations with non-human objects. Speculative realism expands the discussion to include how the book’s fictional universe challenges the definition of reality. Speculative realism argues that reality exists independently of human perception. Challenging the idea that our understanding of the world is how we subjectively experience it. Applying OOO and speculative realism to the trilogy can reveal how non-human objects in the books, are active agents that influence the narrative and characters’ development.