Efficient Removal of Pb (II) and Cd (II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions Using a 5-Aminoisophthalic Acid Polymerized Magnetic Graphene Oxide Composite

The study focuses on the synthesis of nanocomposite adsorbents from modified Graphene Oxide (mGO) polymerized with 5-AIPA groups (mGO-AIPA) using a simple coprecipitation method. Various methods including FT-IR, TGA, FESEM, XRD, and VSM were utilized to assess the morphology and properties of nanoparticles. The study analyzed the effectiveness of Cd (II) and Pb (II) ion adsorption by using the composite Response Surface Method (RSM). The factors evaluated included adsorbent dose, pH, contact time, and initial ion concentration. The results showed that the mGO-AIPA nanocomposite had the highest adsorption capacity for Cd (II) ions, at 120.51 mg/g, and for Pb (II) ions, at 198.79 mg/g, both at a pH level of 6.5. The correlation coefficients for the adsorption of Pb (II) and Cd (II) ions in the Freundlich isotherm model were 97% and 95%, respectively. Moreover, the removal of both metal ions by the mGO-AIPA nanocomposite was consistent with the 97% correlation coefficient of the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The thermodynamic model analysis indicated that the adsorption process of both metals by the mGO-AIPA nanocomposite was exothermic and spontaneous. In conclusion, the study suggests that magnetic graphene oxide functionalized with organic polymers is an effective method of eliminating heavy metal pollution, particularly cadmium and lead ions, from aquatic environments.