The Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Shoot Regeneration of Two Wild Almond Species Amygdalus scoparia L. and Amygdalus lycioides Spach.

Two species of Amygdalus scoparia L. and A. lycioides Spach. from the Rosaceae family can be found in suitable environmental conditions due to their high resistance to drought and heat and resistance to calcareous soils and attacking nematodes and diseases. The propagation of fruit tree rootstocks through vegetative means can be enhanced through the optimization of micropropagation techniques. This research was done in plant tissue culture laboratory of the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Kermanshah in 2018. In this research, the improved micropropagation protocol of these plants, explants of disinfected nodes in MS medium in combination with BA (6-Benzyladenine) hormones, at 6 levels (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 mg L-1) in four levels of Indole Butyric Acid (0, 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 mg L-1). The experiment was carried out with four replications in a completely randomized factorial design. The results indicated that the highest percentage of explant regeneration in the A. lyciodes genotype was achieved with a combination of 0.5 mg L-1 BA and 0.25 mg L-1 IBA, while in the A. scoparia genotype, the highest regeneration percentage was observed with a combination of 2 mg L-1 BA and 0 mg L-1 IBA. The A. lyciodes genotype exhibited the highest number of shoots when treated with 0.5 mg L-1 BA and 0.25 mg L-1 IBA, while the A. scoparia genotype showed the maximum shoot number at a BA concentration of 2 mg L-1 and IBA concentration of 0 mg L-1.