Factors affecting the strategic design of open innovation and performance using fuzzy Delphi in the interpretive structural model framework

The present study aimed to identify the factors affecting the strategic design of open innovation and performance in small and medium enterprises. This study was applied in terms of objective and was descriptive-exploratory and mixed in terms of the data collection method. The method used in the present study was conducted in three steps. The first step was the use of qualitative content analysis and the reliability method was used to measure validity. The obtained result was the initial conceptual framework of the factors affecting the strategic design of open innovation and performance. In the second step, the effective factors obtained by the experts were approved in two phases of the Fuzzy Delphi technique. The population of eight scientific-practical experts such as the experts of small and medium enterprises in Yazd province were selected by theoretical sampling, judgmental, and snowball techniques. In the third step, the objective model of the experts was extracted and the content relationship and leveling of effective factors were conducted based on the interpretative structural modeling technique by 22 experts. Based on the analysis of the given opinions, all factors were identified and levelled in intra-organizational (14 factors), extra-organizational (12 factors) and hybrid (5 factors). Based on the analysis conducted in the intra-organizational dimension of organizational culture, organizational strategy, financial resources in the framework of extra-organizational organizations, economic factors, laws and regulations and in the framework of hybrid factors to the inside and outside of the organization, the factors of business space, strategic coordination, and joint venture have more significance and driving forces in affecting the strategic design of open innovation and performance.