Hybrid nanocomposite of Ag-exchanged zeolite improve hemostatic efficiency in a lethal rabbit model of external bleeding

Uncontrolled bleeding contributes significantly to civilian suffering and battlefield fatalities. In this work, we created a nano compound hemostat based on natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) and evaluated it in a deadly rabbit model of external bleeding versus controls.Methods:In 25 mature male New Zealand white rabbits, a modified complicated groin injury was produced aseptically. Each animal was randomly assigned to one of five groups, including Control, quikclot, Zeolite, Ag-Zeolite, and Ag-Zeolite/Nano chitosan.  Within three minutes of damage, hemostasis  Three and 180 minutes following the use of hemostatic drugs, hemostasis and survival monitored, respectively. The wound repair characteristics of the surviving animals were assessed. Tukey’s multiple comparisons were used after the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test to determine how the groups differed from one another. Results:Comparing the Ag-zeolite/Nano chitosan product to the control and quikclot groups, it took less time for hemostasis to occur. Compared to the control and quikclot groups, who received treatment with Ag-zeolite/Nano chitosan, respectively, there was no mortality in this group. While the majority of the rabbits in the quickclot group had severe dead soft tissue, all of the animals that survived in the Ag-zeolite/Nano chitosan group displayed good healing properties. Conclusions:The application of the new nanocomposite hemostat has shown good healing qualities, can control bleeding efficiently, and significantly lower mortality from a deadly groin wound.