Micro and Nanoparticles as Carriers for Streptokinase: A Mini-Review on Efficacy, Side Effects and Pharmacokinetics

Streptokinase is being successfully used as a thrombolytic agent for restoring the blood flow following thromboembolism and myocardial infarction. However, high immunogenicity of the drug has limited its use in clinics. To overcome this limitation, several approaches including PEGylation, use of polymeric particles and liposomes have been suggested. Here, an overview of options for encapsulating the streptokinase has been provided. The suggested options in the literature include PEGylation, polymeric nano/micro-capsules and liposomes. In each approach, efficacy, side effect(s) and pharmacokinetic profile of streptokinase has been evaluated. The data show that while efficacy of streptokinase does not appear to change importantly, side effects and pharmacokinetics have been improved.