Expression of Apoptotic genes induced by Flaxseed extract in human Prostate cancer cell line

Background: Prostate cancer is known as the second common cancer among men, and is introduced as the fifth cause of death. Apoptosis known as “Programmed Cell Death”, can be measured as a defense mechanism in response to cell damage, caused by diseases or exposure to toxic material, and has an important role in controlling cell population. For this, researchers are interested in studying cancer treatment for inducing apoptosis. Flaxseed, Linum usitassimum, has numerous benefits among other oilseeds. It contains a large amount of α-Linoleic Acid (ALA), dietary fiber, proteins, and Phytoestrogen. Objective: The main goal of this research was to evaluate the expression of apoptotic genes induced with flaxseed extract in human prostate cancer cells in order to find out the cell death pathway induced by flaxseed extract. Methods: In this study, PC-3 prostate cancer cells were cultured and the treatments were done using the flaxseed extract. The MTT test, IC50 calculations, Flowcytometry, and Real-Time PCR test for apoptotic genes were done and all the results underwent analysis. Results: The IC50 dose was obtained at 809 µg/ml (P 0.05). Flowcytometry test was done for 600, 800, and 1000 µg/ml of extraction, and the result showed that most of the cells underwent necrosis. The Flowcytometry result was confirmed by qPCR test and showed the overexpression of TNF gene (P 0.05). Conclusion: The results showed the overexpression of all the studied genes after treatment by flaxseed extract. The Flowcytometry result was confirmed by qPCR and showed that the TNF gene was overexpressed.