A Study Examining the Adverse Effects of Electromagnetic Pulse on System-Level Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Their Subsequent Damage Assessment and Mitigation Strategies

This study aims to investigate the damage caused by ElectroMagnetic Pulses (EMPs) on system-level Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), focusing specifically on quadcopters. The analysis employs the Taylor model to explore transmission line coupling theory, providing analytical solutions for voltage and current responses at the terminal. Additionally, system-level irradiation simulation is conducted using CST software to obtain comprehensive coupling results for the entire UAV system. Superconductive materials find specific applications in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) due to their unique properties. They can be used for high-efficiency power transmission, enabling minimal energy losses and extended flight times. To enhance the analysis, considerations of electromagnetic compatibility and chemistry are incorporated. Injection tests are performed to determine the voltage threshold and damage effects on individual components. The results show that the electronic speed control system is the most vulnerable, with a minimum injected voltage threshold of 58V. Vulnerabilities are also observed in the GPS navigation system (at 96V), uplink data link system (at 126V), image transmission system (at 130V), flight control system (at 176V), and power port (with a lower voltage threshold compared to the data port). These results offer valuable insights into the vulnerability of UAV systems to EMP damage, providing a reference for developing effective countermeasures against drones and optimizing EMP technology in UAV defense strategies. Furthermore, the study acknowledges the potential role of chemical effects in the response of electronic devices to EMPs. The injection tests consider the effects of voltage on various UAV components, helping to identify voltage thresholds associated with damage and providing insights into potential chemical reactions and their consequences on component functionality. By considering electromagnetic and chemical aspects, this research contributes to a comprehensive understanding of UAV vulnerabilities and countermeasures in the face of EMP threats.