High-Intensity Interval Training and Vitamin D3 Supplementation Decrease CCL-5 and CCR5 Expression In White Adipose Tissue of Diabetic Rats Fed with A High-Fat Diet and Streptozotocin

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT)and vitamin D3 supplementation on Chemokine (C-C motif) Ligand 5 (CCL-5) and C-C motif chemokine receptor 5(CCR5) in the white adipose tissue (WAT) of male rats with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Materials and Methods: The experimental study involved 40 male Wistar rats divided into 5 groups (n=8). Thesegroups were healthy control (HC), diabetic control (DC), diabetic+HIIT (DHIIT), diabetic+vitamin D3 (DD3), anddiabetic+HIIT+vitamin D3 (DHIITD3). The rats completed 8 weeks of HIIT, consisting of 12 sessions lasting 1 minuteeach at an intensity of 90-95% of their maximum running speed. Additionally, the rats were administered a weekly doseof 10,000 IU/kg of vitamin D3 for 8 weeks. Results: The levels of CCL-5 (P 0.001) and CCR5 (P=0.003) were found to be higher in the DC group as comparedto the HC group. However, when HIIT training and vitamin D3 were administered together, there was a decrease inCCL-5 (P=0.001) and CCR5 (P 0.001) in the DHIITD3 group (P=0.001). Similarly, vitamin D3 alone reduced CCR5levels in the DD3 group (P 0.001). Also, the decrease of CCR5 in the DD3 group was higher than in the DHIIT group(P=0.022), and the DHIITD3 group was higher than in the DHIIT group (P 0.001), but there was no difference betweenthe DD3 and DHIITD3 groups (P≥0.05). Conclusion: The results indicate that combining HIIT training with vitamin D3 has a greater effect on reducing theexpression of CCL-5 and CCR5 in the white adipose tissue of rats with type 2 diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ)and a high-fat diet (HFD), compared to the effects of each one alone. It is recommended that the study be conductedby measuring the variables involved in the mechanisms and the changes in CCL-5 and CCR5.