The effect of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and amidosulfobetaine-16 (ASB-16) on cytotoxicity in the production of bovine pericardium scaffold

Congenital heart surgery often requires multi-stage procedures and repeated surgeries, with the heart being accessed by opening the pericardium, which is sometimes used as an autologous patch to correct heart defects. Synthetic and biosynthetic materials, including those derived from bovine pericardium, are also employed as pericardium scaffolds. This study tested the hypothesis by comparing cell viability across different decellularization agents. Herein the study explored the use of amidosulfobetaine-16 (ASB-16) as a new decellularization agent, hypothesizing that it would cause minimal cytotoxic effects compared to sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the production of bovine pericardium scaffolds. An experimental in-vitro design was used, including a control group with NaCl 0.9% and three treatment groups with SDS 0.5%, H2O2 3%, and ASB-16 3%. The results demonstrated significant differences in cell viability, with the ASB-16 3% group showing lower cytotoxicity compared to the control group, SDS 0.5%, and H2O2 3% groups. The study concluded that ASB-16 exhibited lower cytotoxicity, as evidenced by a higher average number of viable cells.