Preventing tuberculosis transmission in Madura, Indonesia: A health belief model-based approach

Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death in the world. Various efforts have been made to prevent the transmission of pulmonary tb, but it has not yet had a positive impact, and the success is still low. the health belief model (HBM) is a theory related to health as a form of orientation for health behavior interventions. This study aimed to determine the Lung TB transmission prevention model with the health belief model theory in Sumenep District, Madura, Indonesia. The study design was cross-sectional and implemented in Sumenep District from August to September, 2021. The study population was 152 patients with pulmonary TB, and the authors used a simple random sampling technique of 110 patients. The influence between variables was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS. Cues to action, perceived susceptibility, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy factors affect the prevention of transmission. Personal factors indirectly affect the transmission prevention through perceived susceptibility, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy. Personal factors have a direct effect on self-efficacy and an indirect effect on self-efficacy through perceived susceptibility. The perceived susceptibility factor indirectly affects the prevention of transmission through self-efficacy. The cues to action factor has an indirect effect on self-efficacy through perceived benefits. The prevention of pulmonary TB transmission model based on the health belief model is vital in supporting the increased effectiveness of preventing pulmonary TB transmission.