Studying of the Properties of MAPbI3 and MASnI3 in the Efficiency and Stability of Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

perovskite nanostructures are ideal model systems for fundamental studies and as convenient building blocks for proof-of-principle studies of optoelectronic device design and improvemen.Methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) and some other perovskites have drawn significant attention to the science community because of their high power conversion efficiency in solar cells. In addition, this group of semiconductors has the potential to be used in a wide range of optoelectronic devices like light-emitting diodes, lasers, field-effect transistors, photodetectors, photoluminescent, electroluminescent devices as well as light-emitting electrochemical cells. Commercialization of perovskite materials may revolutionize the global energy sector as these materials are abundant in nature and inexpensive, as a result it would be cheaper and more efficient than silicon-based technology. However, the insufficient long-term stability and toxicity of lead (Pb) are two major barriers for Pb-based hybrid perovskites to be adopted in large-scale industrial applications. Therefore, it is almost important to find non-toxic Pb-free stable perovskites for the further development of perovskites based optoelectronic technology. A detailed atomistic insight of the fundamental properties of perovskite materials can help to understand the basic characteristics of the materials and it can guide research to find non-toxic stable materials for photovoltaics and optoelectronics.Among these candidates, Sn-based perovskites have attracted the most attention due to their very similar properties, and the most promising performance achieved by their devices. This article presents investigations of the structural, electronic, optical and mechanical properties based organic-inorganic metal halid perovskites (MABI3) ( B = Pb, Sn)