Effect of LORETA Z-score Neurofeedback on Language, Working Memory, and Attention in People With Aphasia

Objectives: Aphasia is a language disorder caused by damage to a specific region of the brain that regulates the expression and comprehension of language. For many years, attempts to rehabilitate aphasic patients have been made. In this study, the efficacy of low-resolution electromagnetic tomography analysis (LORETA) z-score neurofeedback (LZNFB) training for enhancing language, working memory, and attention in a group of 13 non-fluent aphasic patients was investigated.  Methods: The quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG)/LORETA and behavioral tests were administered at baseline and after 15 LZNFB treatment sessions. Using the NeuroGuide software, version 3.0.9, the LORETA analysis was conducted Results: The LORETA metrics revealed an increased high beta at the orbital frontal, beta at the medial frontal, and Alpha at the superior frontal, as well as decreased delta and theta at the cingulate gyrus. The behavioral tests revealed improved scores for language, working memory, and attention.  Discussion: These results are extremely encouraging, as they suggest that LZNFB training could provide a range of improvements and offer new hopes to individuals with aphasia who were unable to achieve satisfactory improvements with conventional therapies.