Prevalence and Severity of Chronic Pulmonary Disease and Its Lifestyle Determinants in the Persian Cohort Study Mashhad: A Cohort Study Protocol

Introduction: Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are prevalent respiratory disorders with significant societal and healthcare impacts. This study will be conducted on the participants of the Persian Cohort study at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (POCM) to determine the prevalence of asthma and COPD and to explore their relationship with dietary patterns, urban structure, lifestyle, and the severity in Iran. Methods: A comprehensive assessment will be employed in this cohort study, including lifestyle factors, dietary patterns, anthropometry, spirometry, depression and stress levels, sleep quality, and physical activity. Individual-level analysis will utilize multivariate logistic regression to assess associations between outcome variables and potential predictors like air quality, smoking, occupation, socioeconomic status, and nutritional status. Adjustments for gender, age, chronic health conditions, and other potential confounders will be incorporated. Results: This study will investigate the most closely associated factors influencing the prevalence and severity of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Conclusions: The final outcomes will delineate the relationship between the prevalence of asthma and COPD and various lifestyle factors, including socioeconomic status, air pollution, and physical activity.