Distance relay application testing using a digital simulator

This paper reports on distance relay application testing using simulated transient waveforms. Power system modeling and test procedure for using modern digital simulators are presented. Extensive study of five commercial relays comparing the application for a 345kV transmission line is carried out by performing thousands of oneterminal and synchronized two-terminal transient tests. The approach using digital simulators has proved to be an efficient technique. This paper presents a methodology for evaluating distance relay transient performance based on extensive laboratory testing. Important issues regarding application testing, such as CT and CCVT effects and selection of prefault waveform length, are also addressed and investigated in this paper.