Energy alternatives for lighting in households: An evaluation using an integrated goal programming-AHP model

Seven energy sources usable for lighting in households have been evaluated against 12 (9 quantitative and 3 qualitative) objectives representing the energy-economy-environmental system using an integrated goal programming-AHP model. Sensitivity analysis has been performed. While photovoltaics, grid electricity, and electricity generated from diesel, biogas and fuelwood are preferred, the use of kerosene and biogas requires efficiency improvements of the lamps.