Stoichio-kinetic modeling and optimization of chemical synthesis: Application to the aldolic condensation of furfural on acetone

The condensation reaction of furfural (F) on acetone (Ac) gives a high added value product, the 4-(2-furyl)-3-buten-2-one (FAc), used as aroma in alcohol free drinks, ice, candies, gelatines and other products of current life. This synthesis valorises the residues of sugar cane treatment since furfural is obtained by hydrolysis of sugar cane bagasse followed by vapor training extraction. In the face of numerous and complex reactions involved in this synthesis, it is very complicated to define the kinetic laws from exact stoichiometry. A solution allowing to cope the problem consists in identifying an appropriate stoichiometric model. It does not attempt to represent exactly all the reaction mechanisms, but proposes a mathematical support to integrate available knowledge on the transformation. The aim of this work is the determination of stoichiometric and kinetic models of the condensation reaction of furfural on acetone. Concentrations of reagents and products are determined by gas and liquid chromatography. Concentration profiles obtained at different temperatures are used to identify kinetic parameters. The model is then used for the optimization of the production of FAc. The interest of such tool is also shown for the scale up of laboratory reactor to a large scale. The anticipation of the reaction behaviour in large scale is crucial especially when the reactor presents important limitations of thermal exchange capacity.