Finite element formulation for anisotropic coupled piezoelectro-hygro-thermo-viscoelasto-dynamic problems

A nite element algorithm has been developed for the e cient analysis of smart composite structures with piezoelectric polymer sensors or=and actuators based on piezoelectro-hygro-thermo-viscoelasticity. Variational principles for anisotropic coupled piezoelectro-hygro-thermo-viscoelasto-dynamic problems have also been proposed in this study. As illustrative studies, dynamic responses in laminated composite beams and plates with PVDF sensors and actuators are obtained as functions of time using the present nite element procedures. The voltage feedback control scheme is utilized. The proposed numerical method can be used for analysing problems in the design of smart structures as well as smart sensors and actuators