Active control of FGM plates subjected to a temperature gradient: Modelling via finite element method based on FSDT

An e;cient 2nite element formulation based on a 2rst-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) is presented for the active control of functionally gradient material (FGM) plates with integrated piezoelectric sensor=actuator layers subjected to a thermal gradient; this is accomplished using both static and dynamic piezothermoelastic analyses. The formulation based on FSDT can be applied to a range of relatively thin-to-moderately thick plates. A constant displacement-cum-velocity feedback control algorithm coupling the direct and inverse piezoelectric e?ects is applied to provide active feedback control of the integrated FGM plate in a self-monitoring and self-controlling system. Numerical results for the control of bending and torsional de@ections and=or vibrations are presented for a FGM plate comprising zirconia and aluminium. The e?ects of constituent volume fraction and the in@uence of feedback control gain on the static and dynamic responses of the FGM plates are examined in detail