Buckling analysis for delaminated composites using plate bending elements based on higher-order zig-zag theory

A nite element based on the e cient higher-order zig-zag theory with multiple delaminations is developed. The bending part of the formulation is constructed from the concept of DKQ element. Unlike conventional elements, a developed element has its reference in the bottom surface which simpli es zig-zag terms on formulation. Exact patch solutions are developed on elements which have the bottom reference system. The present element passes proper bending patch tests in the arbitrary mesh con gurations in isotropic materials. Zig-zag formulation is adopted to model laminated plates with multiple delaminations. To assess the accuracy and e ciency of the present element based on higher-order zig-zag theory with multiple delaminations, the linear buckling problem of laminated plates with multiple delaminations has been analysed. The results have been compared with three-dimensional elasticity solutions. The present element works as an e cient tool for analysing the behaviour of the laminated composites with multiple delaminations