Characteristic-based split (CBS) algorithm finite element modelling for shallow waters in the Venice lagoon

In this paper, the characteristic-based split (CBS) algorithm is presented to solve water motion problem due to tides in the Venice lagoon. The basic equations are the well-known vertically integrated shallowwater equations expressed in terms of total water depth and horizontal velocities. The approximation of any additional scalar variables, such as temperature, concentration or pollutant dispersion from the appropriate advection–diffusion governing equations is also outlined. Numerical results illustrate the performance of the proposed algorithm on both advection–diffusion and shallow-water problems.