Effect of silicate and phosphate additives on the kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction in valve-regulated lead/acid batteries

Effect of sodium silicate and phosphoric acid additives on the kinetics of oxygen evolution on PbO2 electrodes in sulfuric acid has been studied in gelled and flooded electrolytes with relevance to valve-regulated lead/acid batteries. A comparison of the open-circuit potential versus time transients, with and without these additives, indicates that the additives suppress self-discharge of the electrodes. Tafel polarization studies also suggest that the addition of phosphoric acid attenuates the rate of oxygen evolution reaction. These findings have been supported with cyclic voltammetric data.