Approach to equilibrium of the water-gas shift reaction on a Ni/zirconia anode under solid oxide fuel-cell conditions

The reverse water-gas shift reaction is carried out in a solid oxide fuel-cell at a range of fuel utilization levels and the approach of this reaction to thermodynamic equilibrium is calculated from the experimental data. It is found that the water-gas shift reaction is close to equilibrium only at high levels of fuel utilization. This is an important finding for modeling and simulation of fuel-cells.