Shakedown limits for reinforced beam structures under fluctuating loads

Shakedown of planar beam structures\ with possible di}erent reinforcements in the upper and lower layers of the beam members\ subjected to quasi!statically as well as dynamically ~uctuating loads is studied[ With an assumption of elastic perfectly!plastic behaviour of the beams in bending\ a reduced kinematic formulation for the safety factor determining shakedown limits is constructed\ which is proved to be equivalent to "but simpler than# the original one\ and ready for use in solving practical problems