Dimensional analysis of the EPQ-R lie scale with a Spanish sample: Gender differences and relations to N, E, and P

A Spanish translation of the 21-item Lie scale included in the EPQ-R was administered to a group of 2026 university undergraduates. The plausibility of the bifactorial structure proposed by Pearson and Francis (Pearson and Francis, Personality and Individual Differences, 10, 1989, 1041–1048) instead of the originally assumed unifactorial structure was assessed using a specific factor analytic model for binary data. Factor structures, as well as total scale scores, were compared for males and females. Relations with N, E, and P dimensions were studied in the male, female and total samples. Results suggest that the unifactorial structure seems more appropriate and that this structure is essentially invariant across gender.