Some basis-free expressions for stresses conjugate to Hill’s strains through solving the tensor equation AX + XA = C

In the present paper, some new and compact basis-free expressions are derived for representing stresses conjugate to the Lagrangean Hill’s strain measures. Solving a tensor equation in the form of AX + XA = C, a rather simple general expression is obtained for the conjugate stresses in the case of distinct principal stretches. The result decomposes the conjugate stresses additively into two parts, such that one part is coaxial with the right stretch tensor while another part is orthogonal to it. An expression for the case of double-coalescent principal stretches is also obtained. As an example of the general results, simple expressions are obtained for the stress conjugate to the logarithmic strain.