Serum amyloid A in autoimmune thrombosis

The objectives of this study were (1) to determine how levels of serum amyloid A (SAA), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) correlate to autoimmune diseases in patients with or without thrombosis, and (2) to discuss the parameters that influence the relative SAA values. SAA, CRP and IL-6 concentrations were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 84 patients with secondary antiphospholipid syndrome (SAPS), primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS), systemic lupus erythematosus with antiphospholipid antibodies (SLE + aPL), SLE, venous thrombosis (VT), arterial thrombosis (AT) were compared to healthy donors (n = 60). The percentages of patients above cut-off were highest in the SAPS, SLE and SLE + aPL groups. Significant differences were observed between healthy donors and inflammatory groups of patients (SAPS and SLE + aPL) in all three measured parameters. SAA and CRP were shown to be correlated to a greater extent in SAPS patients than SLE + aPL patients. In summary, this cross-sectional, retrospective, small study and accompanying clinical considerations limit the ability to make definite conclusions. SAA would not serve as a useful marker for venous, arterial thrombosis or PAPS (pro-coagulant events). It could however, be a good predictor of progression from a non-inflammatory thrombotic condition to an inflammatory one.