Mathematical model of retinal mosaic formation

The retina is one of the best examples of modular organisation in neural circuitry. This modular structure enables it to perform parallel processing. A mathematical model of the retina has been set up, focusing on mechanical features of retinal neurons and on the interaction and dendritic overlapping among retinal cells. The model focuses on the actions of local mechanical forces on the neuron’s cytoskeleton. The cytoskeleton is regarded as a structure in which elastic and rigid elements are combined according to the tensegrity concept. We have assumed that dendritic overlap takes place in such a way as to favour uniform retinal neurons’ distribution and that dendritic overlap is the only cause of neuron’s motion on the retinal surface. This overlap depends on the growth of the dendrites due to the cytoskeletic deformation. The results obtained are in agreement with experimental results that support the notion that local mechanical interaction and dendritic overlapping are capable to transform random cell distributions into regular mosaics.