Author/Authors :
Bondarenka، V. نويسنده , , Grebinskij، S. نويسنده , , KaCiulis، S. نويسنده , , Mattogno، G. نويسنده , , MickeviCius، S. نويسنده , , Tvardauskas، H. نويسنده , , Volkov، V. نويسنده , , Zakharova، G. نويسنده ,
Abstract :
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to study the chemical composition and valence states of the metal ions in vanadium-yttrium hydrate. The binding energies, FWHM and shape of the main XPS peaks were analyzed. The concentration ratio of tetra- and pentavalent vanadium ions C=V4+/(V4++V5+), which is an important parameter, deciding the electronic part of total conductivity, was determined before (C=0.14) and after heating at 720 K (C=0.28).
Keywords :
fractal analysis , Ultrafine , fine and coarse particle concentrators , Particle morphology
