Excessive water drinking behavior in autism

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of polydipsia in 49 autistic children, and also the influence of psychotropic drugs and residential factors on water drinking behavior, as compared with in 89 mentally retarded children, in schools for mentally handicapped children in Fukui prefecture. Questionnaires were used to detect polydipsia and to assess the severity of the water drinking behavior in the autistic children and mentally retarded children. The incidence of polydipsia in the autistic children tended to be higher (P=0.074) than that in the retarded children. The severity of water drinking behavior was significantly higher in autism (P=0.022) than in mental retardation. The majority of the autistic children with polydipsia had been taking no psychotropic drugs. The incidence of polydipsia showed no significant difference between two residential situations, i.e. ‘not at homeʹ and ‘at homeʹ. The present study suggests that polydipsia or excessive water drinking behavior occurs more often in autism than in mental retardation, possibly due to some intrinsic factor in autism itself.