Delay-induced model for tumor–immune interaction and control of malignant tumor growth

The paper deals with the qualitative analysis of the solutions of a system of delay differential equations describing the interaction between tumor and immune cells. The asymptotic stability of the possible steady states is showed and the occurrence of limit cycle of the system around the interior equilibrium is proved by the application of Hopf bifurcation theorem by using the delay as a bifurcation parameter. The length of the delay parameter for preserving stability of the system is also estimated, which gives the idea about the mode of action for controlling oscillations in malignant tumor cell growth. The theoretical and numerical outcomes have been supported through experimental results from literatures. This approach gives new insight of modeling tumor–immune interactions and provides significant control strategies to overcome the large oscillations in tumor cells.