New strategies for bone marrow transplantation

Adoptive immunotherapy of hematologic malignancies and metastatic solid tumors by donor lymphocyte infusion following induction of host-versus-graft transplantation tolerance against can best be achieved following nonmyeloablative stem-cell transplantation (NST). Induction of mixed chimerism may represent the best approach for induction of transplantation tolerance to donor alloantigens. Thus NST may become the optimal approach for the treatment of nonmalignant diseases, where replacement of host with donor hematopoietic cells is indicated: for correction of genetic or stem cell deficiency diseases; as a platform for immunotherapy of autoimmune or infectious diseases; or for induction of tolerance to organ allografts.