A Case of Glaucomatocyclitic Crisis in the Emergency Department

Glaucomatocyclitic crisis is caused by an idiopathic inflammatory process of the trabecular meshwork, causing a decrease in aqueous outflow. This decrease causes the cyclitis-associated ocular hypertension. There is rarely any pain or other findings typically associated with glaucoma. Thus, the diagnosis is easily missed. Patients may present with nonspecific symptoms such as blurry vision or periorbital discomfort. Examination typically reveals a noninjected, slightly mydriatic eye. Slit-lamp examination may reveal fewer-than-expected inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber, with only occasional small nonpigmented keratic precipitates on the corneal epithelium. The intraocular pressure is typically increased (30 to 70 mm Hg), despite an open angle. Therapy is aimed at controlling the increased intraocular pressure with the use of topical imidazolines, β-blockers, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Complications related to prolonged and recurrent attacks of increased intraocular pressure may result in damage to the optic nerve head and visual field compromise.