Analysis of the leaching and toxicity of new amine activators for the curing of acrylic bone cements and composites

The comparative reactivity of new tertiary amine activators with the basic chemical structure of N,N-dimethyl-4-toluidine, but reduced toxicity, is analysed. The leaching of the amine compounds from cured cements was studied by analysis of the concentration of the corresponding amine in a physiological saline solution after 3 months of immersion, giving lower values for the new amine compounds as compared to N,N-dimethyl-4-toluidine. The acute toxicity was determined by intravenous injection of saline solutions of the corresponding chlorhydrates in mice and the cytotoxicity by the evolution of specific culture media. The results obtained demonstrate a lower acute toxicity and cytotoxicity of the new activators, even with a noticeable antiseptic action, which makes these materials very interesting from a practical point of view as activators of the curing process of acrylic bone cements for orthopaedic surgery and dentistry.