Pulsed blue laser curing of hybrid composite resins

Clinical performance of light-curing composite restorations is greatly influenced by the quality of the curing light. Currently used photopolymerization units have some important drawbacks, such as decreasing light output with time and distance, which results in a relatively low degree of conversion and shallow depth of cure, particularly of darker shades. Experiments with continuous argon laser polymerization showed overheating of the composite sample, as well as increased shrinkage of the material. In this study, a pulsed laser, set at 468 nm (the maximum of the camphorquinone absorption coefficient), with 20-ns pulse duration, repetition rate of 10 Hz and energy of 10 mJ per pulse, was used as a light source. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of polymerization of light and dark shades of three different hybrid composites cured by pulsed laser at the surface and at 3.0 mm depth. The degree of conversion was measured by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Applying pulsed blue laser, significantly better results were obtained for both shades compared to standard polymerization values. Very weak dependence of the degree of conversion, between the surface measurements and those at 3.0 mm, were observed in the case of pulsed laser polymerization due to the piercing nanopulses and the monochromatic light at 468 nm.