Mold filling of titanium alloys in two different wedge-shaped molds

Pure titanium and titanium alloys are potential materials for the fabrication of cast dental appliances. One important factor in producing sound castings is the capacity of the metal to fill the mold. This study used a wedge-shaped mold to compare the mold filling of titanium with that of conventional dental casting alloys. The metals used were CP Ti, Ti–6Al–7Nb, Ti–6Al–4V, Ti with 1 and 4 wt% Cu and ADA Type III gold alloy and an Ni–Cr alloy. The castings were cut into four pieces parallel to the triangular surface. Mold filling was evaluated as the distance between the tip of the cast wedge and theoretical tip of the triangle. The mold filling of the gold alloy was superior compared to all the metals tested, while the mold filling of the Ni–Cr alloy was the worst. There were no statistical differences at the 30° marginal angle for all the cast titanium metals. At the sharper 15° angle, CP Ti and Ti–6Al–7Nb was superior to both the Ti–Cu alloys. Although the mold filling of titanium was inferior compared to the gold alloy, the data justify the use of titanium for the production of dental appliances.