Effect of an intermediate on the amperometric response of a polypyrrole-based formate biosensing membrane

It was evidenced that an intermediate exists in the polypyrrole conjugation system, resulting in a negative response. This fact is a disadvantage with respect to the amperometric response, due to the changing background current that overlaps with the response of the biosensing system. The solution to this problem is to use an overoxidised polypyrrole film for stabilising the background.