Flow limitation in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and respiratory function at school age

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is associated with abnormalities in lung function during infancy, yet many infants recover with no respiratory problems in the long term. We therefore did a longitudinal study of pulmonary function in 18 children with moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced mid-expiratory flow (FEF25–75) at school age were lower than normal in 15 of 18 children, and both showed a significant positive correlation with the maximal flow at functional residual capacity (VmaxFRC) at 24 months of age (r=0•68 and 0•85, respectively). Our results suggest that assessment of respiratory function during infancy can help to identify children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia at risk of incomplete recovery of respiratory function during childhood.