Is there a role for assessment in smoking cessation treatment?

Recent strides have been made in smoking cessation as a number of behavioral and pharmacological treatments have proven effective. These treatments are briefly reviewed. The role of assessment in the treatment process, however, is less clear. Indeed, to date, there are few data suggesting that specialized assessment can be used to guide prescriptive treatment. As such, the question becomes one of how, or whether, assessment should be used in smoking cessation. We address these questions and argue that despite the dearth of empirical substantiation, certain aspects of smoking behavior should be assessed in that they: (1) help identify behavioral, physiological, and psychological conditions that maintain smoking, (2) help describe the problem (smoking) with enough clarity to foster both clinical understanding and diagnosis, and (3) offer prediction and evaluation of treatment process and outcome. Promising assessment-based treatments are also discussed, as well as recommendations for future directions pertaining to the role of assessment in smoking cessation.