Avalanche up-conversion processes in Pr, Yb-doped materials

Ternary Eu(III) complexes with macrobicyclic and acyclic ligands+co-ligands were encapsulated in silica or methylated silicate xerogels. Additionally, deuterated reagent and solvent were used in the sol-gel procedure. This preparation method with moderate Athermal treatment reduced the concentration of OH groups in the materials and simultaneously improved their photophysical properties, i.e. increased luminescence intensity and prolonged luminescence lifetime. The best results were obtained for the Eu(III) complex with a cryptand of the [biqO2·2·2]+1,10-phenanthroline type (where biqO2=3,3ʹbiisoquinoline-2,2ʹ-dioxide) immobilized in methyl-modified silicate xerogel. The effective luminescence properties of this sample make it a promising candidate for use as a luminescent material.